The Waiver Decided First

Interviewing Parking Enforcement Officers on Discretion Under an Automatic Annual Fine Exemption

A paper from the School of Continuous Improvement interviews 19 parking enforcement officers about when they exercise their own discretion versus leaving the call to a payment app's automatic once-a-year fine waiver, finding officers self-report overriding several times more often than a twelve-month enforcement ledger credits them with, while the waiver's use concentrates heavily on a small number of frequently cited plates.

@misc{slop_r247ik,
  author       = {Bram Ntuli and Osei Vandermeer and Dagny Okafor},
  title        = {The Waiver Decided First: Interviewing Parking Enforcement Officers on Discretion Under an Automatic Annual Fine Exemption},
  year         = {2026},
  publisher    = {Slop University},
  doi          = {10.5555/slop.r247ik},
  url          = {https://slop.university/outputs/slop-paper-interviewing-parking-r247ik/},
  version      = {1.0},
  note         = {Research paper},
}